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. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ISAAC M. BAUM, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,

TO THE PARAFFINE COMPANIES, INC., OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, A CORPO- RATION OF CALIFORNIA.

PIPE.

Specification of Letters Iatent.

Patented Dec. 23, 1919.

Application filed September 22, 1917. Serial No. 192,697.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ISAAC citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city and county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented a certain new and useful. Pipe, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to pipes for conveying fluids.

An object of the invention is to produce a strong and durable pipe at a less cost than metal pipe.

Another object of the invention is to provide a paper pipe having suflicient strength to withstand ,normal interior and exterior pressures.

The invention possesses other advantaeous features, some of which, with the oregoing, will be set forth at length in the following description, where I shall outline.

in full that form of the invention which I have selected for illustration in the drawings accompanying and forming part of the present specification. In said drawings I have shown one form of pipe of my invention, but it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to such form, since the invention as expressed in the claims may be embodied in a plurality of forms.

Referrin to said drawings:

Figure 1 1s a side elevation of a section of pipe of my invention, parts thereof being broken away to-disclose the construction.

Fig. 2 is aside view of a partly completed section of pipe.

Fig. 3 is any exaggerated cross section of the pipe of m invention.

The pipe of my invention is formed of spirally-wound paper tube suitably waterproofed to prevent its destruction by moisture. A s irally-wound paper tube possesses consi erable inherent rigidity,but not sufiicienttomeet the demands placed on pipe for conveying liquids. In accordance with my invention I reinforce the tube with a metallic reinforcement, which 1- embed within the tube, so that it is protected against the destructive action of water and air. The reinforcement "is preferably placed between two successive spiral layers of the tube and serves to reinforce the tube both for inward and outward pressures-- The pipe may be formed of as many layers of spirally-wound paper as is desired, and I have found that excellent results,

M. BAUM, a

are obtained by the use of four layers of spirally-wound paper, with the reinforcement placed between the second and third layers.- The pipe is formed of waterproofed paper and the two inner spiral turns 23 are wound in overlapping relation and secured together by a suitable waterproof adhesive. I

Surrounding the second spiral layer 3 is a metallic reinforcement, shown in the drawing as metallic ribbon 4, such as is used for box-strapping. The reinforcement may be of wire or screen or any other suitable form and I do not limit myself to the use of metallic ribbon. The box-strapping 4 is wound tightly around the second layer 3 in a spiral either in the same or opposite direction to the second layer, and at the ends of the pipe section is wound circularly around several times to anchor the reinforcement and to strengthen the ends of the section. The reinforcement and the second layer is then coated with a'waterproof adhesive and a third spiral paper layer 5 is wound on in the opposite direction to the inner spirals. I prefer to add a fourthspiral layer of paper 6, adhesively secured to the third layer and wound in the same direction and breaking joints therewith. This places the reinforcement at the center of the pipe, where it is effective to resist internal and external strains, producing a cheap, durable and strong pipe. The ends of the pipe are reinforced with .thimbles 7 of sheet metal, suitably secured 2. A pipe formed of a plurality of layers. I

of spirally-wound paper adhesivelyseoured together and metallic reinforcin wound in a. spiral different than t e spiral of said layers around one of the intermediate layers.

3. A pipe formed of a plurality of layers of spirally-wound paper adhesively secured together and wound in the same direction,

reinforcing means surrounding the outer layer and a plurality of layers of paper wound spirally in the opposite direction and adhesively secured together and to said prior outer layer.

4. A pipe formed of a plurality of layers of spirally-Wound paper adhesively secured together and a metallic ribbon disposed between tWo successive layers in a spiral different than the spiral of said layers, the ends of the ribbon at theends of the pipe being circularly disposed.

5. A pipe formed of a plurality of layers of spirally-Wound paper adhesively secured together, reinforcing means disposed be- 15 tween two successive layers, and metallic thimbles secured to the ends ofthe pipe.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at an Francisco, California, this 12th day of September, 1917. 4

ISAAC M. BAUM.

In presence of H. G. PROST. 

